Abstract:
GENERAL. One of the main aims of biogeography is to obtain knowledge of the spatial differentiation of phenomena occurring in the biosphere and thus to work out their regional distribution. Although the object of biogeographic studies includes only living organisms (and the role they play in an environment), there are different approaches to regionalistic problems, and these approaches depend, above all, on the purposes which they are designed to serve. There are many types of regionalistic studies based on the material of living organisms. They not only come within the scope of biogeography but also constitute the subject of medical geography, chemical geography, geography of soils, etc. The greater part of biogeographic studies on regionalization, however, belong to four essential groups.